Hafnium Sponge, Hf Granule
| Color | Silver to Gray |
| Appearance | Silver gray sponge |
| Assay Percent Range | 99.6%, Zr nominal 3% (Metals basis excluding Zr) |
| Density | 13.09 g/cm3 |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Form | Sponge |
| Chemical Name | Hafnium， Hf |
Description of Hafnium Sponge, Hf Granule
Hafnium Hf sponge is a porous, metallic form of hafnium produced by reducing hafnium tetrachloride with magnesium in the Kroll process. It appears as a metallic gray, spongy material with high purity and lower density than solid hafnium. Hafnium pellet is reactive at high temperatures, particularly with oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen. Hafnium granule is primarily used in the nuclear industry for control rods, in superalloys, and in aerospace applications where high melting points and corrosion resistance are critical. It serves as an intermediate product for manufacturing various high-performance materials.
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Chemical Composition
Hf+Zr>99.6%,
Zr<1%, Zr≤0.2%/0.3%/0.5%
Applications
- Nuclear industry: Used in the production of control rods for nuclear reactors because hafnium has excellent neutron-absorbing properties.
- Alloying: Used to produce superalloys and high-performance alloys, including high-entropy alloys.
- Aerospace: Incorporated into components that require materials with high melting points and resistance to corrosion.
Hafnium Sponge, Hf Granule Reference
Purification of Hafnium metal sponge by electron beam melting
- Purification of Hf sponge with 97.931 mass % by electron beam melting (EBM) has been carried out and the removal behavior of various impurity elements (metallic and non-metallic) has been examined. The influence of factors and process parameters of EBM, determining refining processes, was studied. Many metallic impurities (such as Cr, Si, Ti, Zn, Cu, Ni, etc.) in the melted Hf were removed to very low levels. Then the purity of Hf were improved to nearly 99.07% after 11 min of EBM with 11.25 kW beam power and oxygen concentration was decreased from nearly 300 ppm to less than 10 ppm. The results from a microstructural study of the samples after the electron beam processing are presented. The results obtained show high efficiency of the EB melting of the Hf sponge.